BOILERS and Applications
BOILERS and Applications
BOILERS….Sounds
Interesting and Heard of it before? Take a look at this blog to know more about
them ….
Why and What are these Boilers used
for?
So,
these are used for these particular reasons
- They
generate maximum steam
- They are
light in weight and does not occupy more space
- They provide
proper safety regulations
- They are
cheaper in cost and
- They are easily accessible
How does a Boiler work?
The boiler is essentially a closed vessel
inside which water is stored.
Fuel is burnt in a furnace and hot gasses
are produced.
Construction
of Boiler.
These Boilers consists of these components -
●
Boiler
Shell
●
Combustion
chamber
●
Furnace
●
Grate
●
Heating
surface
●
Mounting
●
Accessories
Now how many types of boilers are there?
- Fire Tube Boiler
- Water Tube Boiler
- Simple Vertical Boiler
- Cochran Boiler
- Cornish Boiler
- Lancashire Boiler
- Locomotive Boiler
- Scotch Boiler
- Babcock Boiler
- Stirling Boiler
- Lamont Boiler
- Loeffler Boiler
- Benson Boiler
- Schmidt Hartmann Boiler
- Velox Boiler
Boilers
are classified on various basis…
According
to the position of furnace : Internally fired boilers and Externally fired
boilers
According
to the axis of the furnace : Vertical boilers and Horizontal boilers
According
to the number of tubes : Single Tube Boilers and Double tube Boilers
According to the
method of circulation of water : Natural circulation boilers and Forced
circulation boilers
According to the
use
: Stationary boilers and Mobile boilers
Fire Tube and Water Tube Boilers are
more used than others, let’s see these…
The fire tube boiler consists of numbers of tubes through which hot gasses are passed. These hot gas tubes are immersed into water, in a closed vessel. Actually in a fire tube boiler one closed vessel or shell contains water, through which hot tubes are passed.
These fire tubes or hot gas tubes heats up the water and converts the water into steam and the steam remains in the same vessel. As the water and steam both are in the same vessel a fire tube boiler cannot produce steam at very high pressure.
Generally it can produce a maximum 17.5
kg/cm2 and with a capacity of 9 Metric Ton of steam per hour.
Advantages
and disadvantages of Fire Tube Boiler -
|
ADVANTAGES |
DISADVANTAGES |
|
●
It is quite
compact in construction |
●
It requires a
long time for rising steam at desired pressure. |
|
●
Fluctuation of
steam demand can be met easily |
●
Very high
pressure of steam is not possible |
|
●
It is also
quite cheap |
●
The steam
received from fire tube boiler is not very dry |
Water tube boiler is a kind of boiler
where the water is heated inside tubes and the hot gasses surround them.
Steam boiler, this is the basic
definition of water tube boiler
Actually this boiler is just opposite of
a fire tube boiler where hot gasses are passed through tubes which are
surrounded by water.
Advantages
and disadvantages of Water Tube Boiler -
|
ADVANTAGES |
DISADVANTAGES |
|
●
Larger heating
surface can be achieved by using more numbers of water tubes |
●
The main
disadvantage of water tube boiler is that it is not compact in construction |
|
●
Rate of heat
transfer is high which results into higher efficiency |
●
Its cost is not
cheap |
|
●
Very high
pressure in order of 140 kg/cm2 can be obtained smoothly |
●
Size is a
difficulty for transportation and construction |
Difference between Fire Tube and Water Tube Boilers -
The main differences between the fire
tube and the water tube boiler are the hot gases flow inside the tube and water
surrounds them in the fire tube boiler whereas, In the water tube, water flows
inside the tube and Hot gases surround them.
|
FIRE TUBE BOILER |
WATER TUBE BOILER |
|
Hot fuel gases flow inside the tube and the
water outsides the tubes. |
Water flows inside the turbine and hot flue
gases outside the tube. |
|
These boilers are generally internally fired. |
These boilers are generally externally fired. |
|
The boiler pressure is limited to 20 bar. |
The boiler pressure is limited to up to 100
bar. |
|
The fire-tube boiler has a lower rate of steam
production. |
The water-tube boiler has a higher rate of steam production. |
Factors Affecting the
selection of Boilers…
These are some factors -
- Quality of steam required
- Steam generation rate
- Accessibility of repair and inspection
- Area and Cost
- Fuel and Water availability
What is the Current
Market Scenario of Boilers ?
The global industrial boiler market is driven by the presence and development of various projects of ultra-mega power in the developing economies, especially in countries such as China and India, where the population is extremely high, resulting in an increased demand for power consumption.
Ultra mega power
projects are also increasing across countries on account of the regulations
imposed by various environmental bodies, which encourage industries, especially
in the power generation sector to take strict measures so as to save energy and
help in reducing harmful emissions.
During the
forecast period of 2017 to 2025, the global industrial boiler market will be
driven by the growing need to improvise the combustion efficiency of biomass,
making use of new materials.
The reduction of
cost of biomass boilers as well as enhanced efficiency of the waste are some of
the benefits of using new materials in biomass. This in turn will boost the
growth prospects of the industrial boilers market.
In addition to
this, oxygen distribution in the boiler bed improves the efficiency and
uniformity of combustion, thereby widening the dependence of various economies
on industrial boilers.
Some Industrial
applications of Boilers..
1 . In Power Plants -
2 . In Food Processing -
Boilers upgrade result in high efficiency
and increased safety in food industries.Industrial food boilers generate steam
or hot water to process, cook, or sanitize food products including meat,
fruits, and vegetables.
These food industry boilers use major
fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, and fuel oil to produce heat energy on
water and provide steam for cleaning and cooking products.
3 . In some commercial projects -
Boilers upgrade from low efficiency
boilers to high efficiency boilers. Commercial boilers are commonly used to heat buildings such as schools,
offices, apartment buildings, and hospitals.
Commercial
boilers can use either gas or oil as the fuel source and generate either hot
water or steam.
The heated water or steam is circulated through radiators, baseboard units, or fan coils.
Some other applications are
as follows :-
4 . Textile Industry -
Swivelling dryers ,dyeing ,rolling &
weaving.
5 . Chemical Industry -
Reactors and storage.
6 . Pharmaceuticals -
Medicines manufacturing ,vaccines
,sterile steam.
7 . Cosmetics -
Perfumes ,creams.
8 . Paper/Printing Industry -
Drying tunnels ,printing drying
,corrugated cardboards.
9 . Cement Industry -
Manufacturing of cement pieces.
10. Oil Industry -
Heavy oils storage and distribution.
11. Wood Industry -
Plywood and melamine processes.
12. Hospitals ,Hotels -
Laundry ,cooking.
13. Surface treatment & Automobile Industry -
Metal finishing ,electrodeposits.
For Concluding this
topic….
●
Boiler is usually a closed vessel . Its function
is to transfer the heat ultimately to generate steam.
●
Cheaper in cost and Easily accessible.
● There are 15
types of Boilers.
●
The firetube
boiler passes combustion gas inside a series of tubes surrounded by water in a
vessel to produce steam.
●
A water tube
instead sends water through a series of tubes surrounded by combustion gas used
to transfer heat energy and produce steam.
●
Industrial
Applications of Boilers:-
1.
Power Plant 2. Food Processing 3. Commercial Projects
Authors: Arya Kokare, Piyush Kolhatkar , Akshay Khubchandani , Shreyash Khandwe,Harsh Khandelwal,Vaibhav Khandagle
Thank you for giving your time to read
this and we hope you’ve got to know something more and something interesting
today…………………………………...
Comments
Post a Comment